The Prevalence of Kidney Dysfunction and Associated Risk Factors among ART-Naïve HIV-1 infected Adults at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia

Abstract

This study looks at how chronic HIV infection is associated with renal complications including renal dysfunction. To determine the prevalence of renal dysfunction and associated risk factors in ART naive HIV infected adults in UTH, Lusaka.This was a cross sectional analytic study with 360 participants enrolled. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Blood and urine samples were collected for creatinine, CD4 Count, HIV-1 Viroload, serum, hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis C antibody, Random blood sugar and urinalysis. Data was entered onto a microsoft office excel spreadsheet, and analysed using STRATA version 13. We investigated the association between the depended variable and each independed variable. The prevalence of renal dysfuction was 24.76%. The overall mean age for the sample population was 36.62 years comprising more females (54.63%) than males. Hypertension OR=2.63, (95%) CI 1.11, 6.12) was the ony factor found to be predictive of renal dysfuction. We recommend routine screening for hypertension in HIV cART naive individuals and those found with hypertension should be furthure investigated for renal dysfunction prior to initiation of cART.