The solidarity model: Zambia public health insurance scheme

Abstract

The structure and financing system of health insurance is a key component of a nation’s health system. The Solidarity Model of public health financing is a concept widely utilized by many countries to reduce costs and increase efficiency and effectiveness in a nations health sector. Although various countries have different country-fitted health insurance scheme structures, the concept of a Solidarity Based Model of Health Insurance financing can be identified in many of them. By definition, the modern meaning of solidarity in health insurance refers to the equal treatment for all social groups (elderly, low- income, immigrants, disabled etc.) anchored on a contributory based system mandating that all working citizens must join the same contributory health financing fund [1]. Members of these schemes are usually nationals and residents who pay on average between 6-10% of their income to the scheme/fund which is widely accessible to the general population at various levels (different packages). The concept is meant to provide for sustainable health financing through the equitable and fair collection of contributions. The model is intended to expand coverage for vulnerable groups such as the chronically ill and elderly, and although there may be numerous arguments as to whether or not this must be supported is based on the moral fibre of the policy makers and general citizenry.